Plant-derived materials are increasingly recognized for their nutritional and medicinal benefits. Rutin (RN), a bioflavonoid with phenolic antioxidant properties, is known for scavenging superoxide radicals and enhancing blood vessel permeability. Despite these benefits, rutin's oral bioavailability is low due to poor absorption. To improve rutin's antioxidant qualities and bioavailability, this study sought to create a stable nanophytosomal formulation filled with rutin. The thin-layer hydration approach was used to create rutin-loaded nanophytosomes utilizing phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cholesterol (CH). Using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy, IR spectroscopy, and particle size analysis, the physicochemical characteristics of the nanophytosomes were evaluated. For a duration of three weeks during storage, the nanophytosomes' stability was assessed. As per the findings, the lowest particle size was obtained with an RN: PC: CH molar ratio of 1:2:0.5 (F3), and the physical stability of the nanophytosomes was considerably enhanced by the addition of cholesterol. Analytical techniques confirmed the formation of Rutin-Nanophytosomes. The formulation of Rutin nanophytosomes markedly improved the antioxidant activity of Rutin by increasing its bioavailability and stability.
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