Fabricius Extract Effect on the Morphofunctional State of the Thymus and Spleen in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Mice

This article examines the effects of the bursa of Fabricius extract on the morphofunctional state of the spleen and thymus in mice with cyclophosphamide-induced immunodeficiency. Histological analysis of the spleen revealed that in immunodeficient mice, the white pulp is characterized by a diffuse arrangement of lymphoid follicles without germinal centers. Administration of the bursa of Fabricius extract resulted in a decrease in the area of red pulp and reactive centers in the spleen, but signs of extramedullary hematopoiesis were observed. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed an increase in the number of CD3+ + T lymphocytes in the spleen after administration of the extract, indicating an enhanced T-cell immune response and suppression of immunosuppression. No significant changes in the structure or cellular composition of the thymus were observed under the influence of the extract. The data indicate that Bursa Fabricius extract has an immunomodulatory impact, especially affecting the spleen.. This is manifested by stimulation of the proliferation and differentiation of T- and B-lymphocytes, as evidenced by an increase in the number of T-lymphocytes in the spleen. It is believed that this effect is mediated through specific receptor-ligand interactions in the organs of immunogenesis. Thus, the study demonstrates the potential use of Bursa Fabricius extract for the correction of immunodeficiency conditions by acting on the spleen.