Air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions have emerged as critical environmental challenges in rapidly urbanizing countries such as Vietnam. Promoting electric vehicles (EVs) is widely regarded as a sustainable strategy to mitigate environmental degradation while improving urban air quality. This study examines the environmental and behavioral determinants of EV adoption by integrating the C-TAM-TPB, Value–Attitude–Behavior (VAB), and Stimulus–Organism–Response (SOR) frameworks. Specifically, environmental concern, consumer ethnocentrism, and financial incentive policies are conceptualized as external environmental and policy stimuli that influence individuals’ cognitive responses (attitudes), which in turn shape pro-environmental intentions to adopt EVs. Data collected from 259 Vietnamese consumers were analyzed via PLS-SEM. The results reveal that environmental concern and financial incentive policies significantly affect pro-environmental attitudes, acting as a key mediating mechanism for EV purchase intention. Additionally, social influence and perceived behavioral control directly affect behavioral intentions. This study contributes to environmental research by linking behavioral mechanisms with sustainable transportation adoption, offering insights into how policy instruments and environmental awareness can accelerate the transition toward low-emission mobility systems. The findings provide practical implications for policymakers seeking to reduce urban pollution and promote sustainable consumption in emerging economies.
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