Status of the Traditional Agriculture in the Local Region

This study aimed to identify various plant species used in the agricultural fields of Kolli Hills to enhance soil fertility and manage pest attacks, where Malayali tribal communities continue to practice organic farming by utilizing surrounding bioresources. Notably, eighteen tree species from 13 families have been identified in the surrounding forests and utilized in the agricultural fields of Kolli Hills. Out of the 18 species, 15 were utilized for fertilizer purposes which enhance the nutrient availability and support sustainable agricultural practices. Across fourteen panchayats youngsters lose interest in using local bio resources. At the panchayat level, the tribal men and women above the age of 50 showed greater levels of awareness and utilization compared to younger individuals. However, among panchayats, Alathurnadu, Peraikkarainadu Gundurnadu, and Chithurnadu continued to remain traditional. Panchayats Thinnanurnadu Devanurnadu, Thirupulinadu, and Edappulinadu were found in the transition from traditional to modern, and panchayats Ariyurnadu, Bailnadu, Gundurnadu, Selurnadu, Valapurnadu and Valavanthinadu were found to be under total transformation based on interest showed by elders and youngsters of Kolli Hills.