Indoor Air Pollution in Urban Environments: A Case Study of Air Quality in Pune, Maharashtra

Indoor air pollution refers to the air quality within enclosed spaces like homes, schools, offices, and vehicles. In cities like Pune, it has worsened due to sealed buildings, limited ventilation, and the use of synthetic materials. This study assessed indoor air quality (IAQ) across various locations in Pune, revealing that many areas exceed safe pollution levels. High concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were detected in public transport and vehicles, while hotels showed the highest particulate matter (PM) levels. Poor ventilation further aggravated indoor pollution. In contrast, commercial spaces had relatively better IAQ due to improved airflow and design. Public transport showed the highest air quality index (AQI) values, posing health risks to commuters. Overall, poor IAQ is a growing health concern. The study highlights the urgent need for better ventilation, effective air purification systems, and public awareness to reduce exposure to indoor pollutants and promote healthier living environments.