Geological Determinism as a Conceptual Model for Solving Environmental and Engineering Problems

The article examines geological processes and phenomena that have a significant impact on the life and activities of human society. In the course of research using a number of methods, it was established that geological processes were fundamental in relation to processes occurring on the Earth’s surface and in its atmosphere. It is also substantiated that geographical determinism is a derivative of geological determinism. The leading role of geological determinism is determined by the dynamics of geological processes from ancient times to the present day and modern changes in the Earth’s geology. The article analyzes in detail tectonic faults in East Africa, northeastern Turkey, and the southwestern United States, the shift of the Earth’s magnetic poles, the magnetic anomaly in the South Atlantic Ocean, as well as the impact of human technical and technological activity on our planet. Particular attention is paid to three tectonic faults - African, Turkish, and Californian. The study showed that the African and Turkish faults are interconnected. The article emphasizes that geological processes have great importance for the formation of chemical substances and compounds in the bowels of the Earth. It is noted that the climate on Earth is largely determined by barocenters - the centers of cyclone formation. In order to minimize destructive natural and man-made consequences, humanity needs to solve engineering problems during the construction of technical facilities, taking into account current and potential geological processes and phenomena.