We evaluated the diversity and abundance of urban birds in the city of Ksar Sbahi during the period 2014 - 2015 for the first time. This study was conducted in a semi-arid region in north-eastern Algeria, in an old city characterized by homogeneous habitats. A total of 37 species belonging to 21 families and 11 orders were recorded using the point indices of abundance method. The distribution of species over time is strongly influenced by months and seasons, but bird numbers do not vary significantly. 24 species are Passeriformes (64.86%) and 13 are non-Passeriformes (35.14%). The most represented families were Muscicapidae with 06 species then Fringillidae with 04 species and Columbidae with 03 species. According to trophic balance 11 species (29.73%) are granivores, 16 species (43.24%) are insectivores, 06 species (16.22%) are carnivores and 04 species (10.81%) are polyphagous (omnivores). the stand of birds studied consists of two dominant species Pass domesticus: House Sparrow (15.76%), Fringilla coelebs: Common Chaffinch (10.84%), then Columba livia: Rock Dove (8.34%), Streptopelia turtur European Turtle Dove (6.86%) and Streptopelia decaocto Eurasian Collared Dove (5.75%) so the Serinus serinus European Serinus (6.21%) the rest of the species have an abundance which does not exceed 5%. These results are important for estimating the effect of urbanization on biodiversity and urban bird population structure in relation to habitat factors and provide a new vision for the conservation of natural habitats in cities.
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