Acute Coronary Syndrome Diagnosis & Management Approach in Emergency Department: Literature Review

Acute coronary syndromes are brought on by a sudden occlusion of a coronary artery. Depending on the severity and location of the obstruction, the effects can range from unstable angina to non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and sudden cardiac death. Except for sudden death, each syndrome shares similar symptoms, such as nausea, diaphoresis, and discomfort in the chest with or without dyspnea. Electrocardiography and serologic markers are used to make the diagnosis (ECG). Antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulants, nitrates, beta-blockers, and fibrinolytic drugs for emergency reperfusion, percutaneous intervention, or, in extremely rare cases, coronary artery bypass graft surgery are used to treat STEMI. Studies involving people who had non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were sought after in the Medline, Pubmed, Embase, NCBI, and Cochrane databases. Analysis of incidence, etiology, and available management strategies . Patients with suspected or confirmed acute myocardial ischemia or infarction are referred to as having the acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The three types of ACS that are typically diagnosed are unstable angina, ST-elevation myocardial infarction, and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. However, due to the widespread use of the high-sensitivity troponin test, nearly all patients who previously had unstable angina had their diagnosis changed to NSTEMI. This occurred as a result of abnormally high levels of high-sensitivity troponin in the patients who had previously been diagnosed with unstable angina.