TY  - JOUR
T1  - Physiotherapy Role in Multiple Sclerosis Management: Review Article
A1  - Mohammed Maher Saqqa
A1  - Hamed Jamal Banoon
A1  - Amani Mohammad Sheikhein
A1  - Maram Ali Jasser
A1  - Raad Abdulrahman Aljohani
A1  - Raneem Ahmed Altalal
A1  - Khaled Ali Basheri
A1  - Matarh Ahmed Hadi Sanawi
A1  - Mohammed Abbas Alnakhli
A1  - Mohammed Muslim Alblowi
A1  - Alanoud Essa Jarram
A1  - Taghred Suleman Zailaei
JF  - World Journal of Environmental Biosciences
JO  - World J Environ Biosci
SN  - 2277-8047
Y1  - 2025
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
DO  - 10.51847/9Qg35KEccT
SP  - 102
EP  - 109
N2  - Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder of the central nervous system characterized by progressive impairments in mobility, balance, strength, fatigue, and participation in daily life. While pharmacological disease-modifying therapies primarily target inflammatory activity, they exert limited influence on established disability and many functionally relevant symptoms. Physiotherapy therefore represents a cornerstone of non-pharmacological management across the MS disease spectrum. This narrative review synthesizes peer-reviewed evidence published examining the role of physiotherapy in MS management. Key intervention domains include exercise-based therapies (aerobic, resistance, and sensorimotor training), mobility and gait rehabilitation, balance and fall-prevention strategies, spasticity and upper limb management, robot-assisted training, and telerehabilitation and home-based models of care. Across disease phenotypes and disability levels, physiotherapy interventions are consistently associated with improvements in gait performance, balance, walking endurance, fatigue, depressive symptoms, and health-related quality of life. Technology-assisted approaches, particularly robot-assisted gait training and telerehabilitation, demonstrate promise for individuals with advanced disability and for improving access to care. Despite these benefits, gaps remain regarding long-term outcomes, standardization of intervention dosage, and evidence for non-ambulatory populations. Physiotherapy remains an essential component of multidisciplinary MS care, supporting functional capacity, independence, and well-being, and should be integrated early and sustained across the disease course.
UR  - https://environmentaljournals.org/article/physiotherapy-role-in-multiple-sclerosis-management-review-article-tcbu9qzl6c77wzi
ER  -